𐎤𐎢𐎽𐎢𐏁

Old Persian

Etymology

Of disputed origin. One theory is that it is from Elamite 𒁹𒆪𒊏𒀾 (^mku-ra-aš₂ /⁠kuraš⁠/, “shepherd, bestowed care, protector”); earliest cuneiform attestations of the name, even instances prior to the founder of the Achaemenid Empire, always end in /-aš/ as opposed to /-uš/, an unexplainable development for Akkadian and Elamite phonologically if the original was the Iranian /-uš/. This has suggested rather that the later, more well-known Iranian version is in fact the adaptation, perhaps brought on by the fact that Old Persian a stems never have a final /-š/ in the nominative but u stems do.

Proper noun

𐎤𐎢𐎽𐎢𐏁 (ku-u-ru-u-š /Kuruš/)

1. a male given name: Cyrus

Descendants

• Classical Persian: کُورُش (kūruš)

  Dari: کورش (kūruš)

  Iranian Persian: کوروش (kuroš)

  • → Old Armenian: քորէշ (kʻorēš)

  Tajik: Куруш (Kuruš)

• → Akkadian:

  Late Babylonian: 𒆪𒆪𒊏𒀾 (ᵏᵘku-ra-áš /⁠Kuraš⁠/), 𒆪𒆪𒊏𒀾𒋙 (ᵏᵘku-ra-áš-šú /⁠Kurašu⁠/), 𒆪𒊏𒀾 (ku-ra-áš /⁠Kuraš⁠/), 𒆪𒊏𒀾𒋙 (ku-ra-áš-šú /⁠Kurašu⁠/), 𒆪𒆜 (ku-raš /⁠Kuraš⁠/), 𒆪𒊏𒋗 (ku-ra-šu /⁠Kurašu⁠/), 𒆪𒊏𒋙 (ku-ra-šú /⁠Kurašu⁠/), 𒆪𒆜𒋙 (ku-raš-šú /⁠Kurašu⁠/), 𒆳𒀸 (kur-aš /⁠Kuraš⁠/), 𒆳𒀾 (kur-áš /⁠Kuraš⁠/), 𒆪𒊕 (ku-reš /⁠Kureš⁠/), 𒆳𒊏𒀸 (kur-ra-aš /⁠Kuraš⁠/), 𒆳𒁺𒀸 (kur-rá-aš /⁠Kuraš⁠/), 𒆳𒆜 (kur-raš /⁠Kuraš⁠/), 𒆳𒌇 (kur-ráš /⁠Kuraš⁠/), 𒆳𒊏𒋙 (kur-ra-šú /⁠Kurašu⁠/), 𒆳𒊕 (kur-reš /⁠Kureš⁠/), 𒆪𒌨𒊏𒀾 (ku-ur-ra-áš /⁠Kuraš⁠/), 𒆪𒌨𒊏𒋙 (ku-ur-ra-šú /⁠Kurašu⁠/), 𒆪𒌨𒋙 (ku-ur-šú /⁠Kuršu⁠/)

• → Ancient Greek: Κῦρος (Kûros) (see there for further descendants)
• → Aramaic:

  Imperial Aramaic: 𐡊𐡓𐡔 (krš)

  Classical Syriac: ܟܘܪܫ (Kūreš)

• → Biblical Hebrew: כּוֹרֶשׁ (kóresh)
• → Egyptian:

  Late Egyptian: (kꜣwꜣrwšꜣ)

• →? Elamite:

  Achaemenid Elamite: 𒆪𒌇 (ku-ráš /⁠Kuraš⁠/)